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  • A hiker explores Bull Valley Gorge in Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument, Utah, USA.
    90UT-15-30_Bull-Valley-Gorge_Grand-S...jpg
  • Wavy sandstone pattern by Carol Dempsey, Valley of Fire State Park, Nevada, USA. Starting more than 150 million years ago, great shifting sand dunes during the age of dinosaurs were compressed, uplifting, faulted, and eroded to form the park's fiery red sandstone formations. The park adjoins Lake Mead National Recreation Area at the Virgin River confluence, at an elevation of 2000 to 2600 feet (610-790 m), 50 miles (80 km) northeast of Las Vegas, USA. Park entry from Interstate 15 passes through the Moapa Indian Reservation.
    99NV-C2-13-wavy-sandstone_Valley-of-...jpg
  • Mammatus clouds bulge beneath cumulonimbus clouds over yellow and red sandstone on the White Domes trail in Valley of Fire State Park,  Nevada, USA. Starting more than 150 million years ago, great shifting sand dunes during the age of dinosaurs were compressed, uplifting, faulted, and eroded to form the park's fiery red sandstone formations. The park also boasts fascinating patterns in limestone, shale, and conglomerate rock. The park adjoins Lake Mead National Recreation Area at the Virgin River confluence, at an elevation of 2000 to 2600 feet (610-790 m), 50 miles (80 km) northeast of Las Vegas, USA. Park entry from Interstate 15 passes through the Moapa Indian Reservation.
    95NV-15-15_Valley-of-Fire-SP.jpg
  • Steep glacier carved cliffs in the valley of the Modi Khola river, on the trail to the Annapurna Sanctuary, between Deurali and Machhapuchhare Base Camp (MBC), in Nepal.
    07NEP-2631.jpg
  • Steep glacier carved cliffs in the valley of the Modi Khola river, on the trail to the Annapurna Sanctuary, at Machhapuchhre (or Machhapuchhare) Base Camp at 3700 meters or 12,140 feet elevation, ..in the Annapurna Range of Nepal, in the Himalaya mountain chain.
    07NEP-2629_Machhapuchhre-Base-Camp.jpg
  • We started our trek to Annapurna Sanctuary at Phedi, 3710 feet, along the Yangdi Khola river valley shown in this image, flanked by fertile rice terraces, near Pokhara, Nepal. For licensing options, please inquire.
    07NEP-1578.jpg
  • Dancing figures for sale at Visitor Center & Museum at Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA.
    1804SW-1473.jpg
  • Totem Pole and Yei-Bi-Chei rock formations in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. The eastern formation resembles Navajo dancers emerging from a Hogan as part of the spiritual "Yei-Bi-Chei" dance performed during a sacred nine-day ceremony called the "Night Way Ceremony."
    1804SW-1362.jpg
  • Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. This image was stitched from multiple overlapping photos.
    1804SW-1351-53-Pano.jpg
  • Three Sisters rock formation in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA.
    1804SW-1318.jpg
  • West & East Mittens and Merrick Butte at sunrise in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. The Western movie director John Ford set several popular films here.
    1804SW2-264.jpg
  • West and East Mitten Buttes and Merrick Butte at dusk in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. The Western movie director John Ford set several popular films here.
    1804SW2-240.jpg
  • West and East Mitten Buttes and Merrick Butte at sunset in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. The Western movie director John Ford set several popular films here.
    1804SW2-214-p1.jpg
  • West and East Mitten Buttes and Merrick Butte at sunset in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. The Western movie director John Ford set several popular films here. This image was stitched from multiple overlapping photos.
    1804SW-1203-1212-Pano.jpg
  • West and East Mitten Buttes and Merrick Butte in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. The Western movie director John Ford set several popular films here. This image was stitched from multiple overlapping photos.
    1804SW2-111-114-Pano.jpg
  • West and East Mitten Buttes and Merrick Butte punctuate the horizon beyond a balanced rock in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. The Western movie director John Ford set several popular films here. This image was stitched from multiple overlapping photos.
    1804SW2-047-49-Pano.jpg
  • West and East Mitten Buttes and Merrick Butte punctuate the horizon beyond a balanced rock in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. The Western movie director John Ford set several popular films here.
    1804SW2-043.jpg
  • The Routeburn Track cuts through the pass of Harris Saddle at the base of Ocean Peak (right, 1848 meters) to forested Hollyford Valley in Fiordland National Park on the right. The view from Conical Hill includes Mount Xenicus (left, 1912 meters elevation) and Harris Lake in Mount Aspiring National Park in the Southern Alps, South Island, New Zealand. Panorama stitched from 5 overlapping photos.
    07NZ_3084_88pan_Routeburn-Track_Lake...jpg
  • Natural rock forms honeycomb-like patterns at Takiroa Maori Rock Art site in the Waitaki Valley (2007 photo), South Island, New Zealand. In 1990, UNESCO honored Te Wahipounamu - South West New Zealand as a World Heritage Area.
    07NZ_1182_Takiroa-Maori-Rock-Art.jpg
  • We started trekking at Phedi, 3710 feet, along the Yangdi Khola river valley shown in this image, flanked by fertile rice terraces, near Pokhara, Nepal.
    07NEP-1575.jpg
  • An American Flag, designed with a Native American Indian holding a peace pipe, waves in the breeze at Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA.
    1804SW-1434.jpg
  • Three Sisters rock formation in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA.
    1804SW-1317.jpg
  • Merrick Butte seen from John Ford's Point. Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. This image was stitched from multiple overlapping photos.
    1804SW-1300-1301-Pano.jpg
  • West & East Mittens and Merrick Butte at sunrise in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. The Western movie director John Ford set several popular films here. This image was stitched from multiple overlapping photos.
    1804SW2-308-310-Pano.jpg
  • West & East Mittens and Merrick Butte at sunrise in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. The Western movie director John Ford set several popular films here.
    1804SW2-291.jpg
  • West & East Mittens and Merrick Butte at dawn in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. The Western movie director John Ford set several popular films here. This image was stitched from multiple overlapping photos.
    1804SW2-252-253-pano.jpg
  • East Mitten Butte at sunrise in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA.
    1804SW-1234.jpg
  • East Mitten Butte at sunrise in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA.
    1804SW-1221.jpg
  • Merrick Butte at sunset in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA.
    1804SW-1172.jpg
  • Pottery and dancing figures for sale at Visitor Center & Museum at Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA.
    1804SW-1481.jpg
  • Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA.
    1804SW-1454.jpg
  • Dramatic clouds over Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA.
    1804SW-1371.jpg
  • An American Flag, designed with a Native American Indian holding a peace pipe, waves in the breeze at Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA.
    1804SW-1420.jpg
  • Hoodoos and Three Sisters rock formations at John Ford's Point. Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. This image was stitched from multiple overlapping photos.
    1804SW-1337-38-Pano.jpg
  • Merrick Butte seen from John Ford's Point. Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA.
    1804SW-1309.jpg
  • Castle Butte and companion rock formations Bear & Rabbit and Stagecoach, seen from John Ford's Point. Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA.
    1804SW-1298.jpg
  • Three Sisters rock formation in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA.
    1804SW-1296.jpg
  • Hogan Village in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA.
    1804SW-1246.jpg
  • Gray Whiskers Butte, Mitchell Butte, and Hogan Village at sunrise in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. This image was stitched from multiple overlapping photos.
    1804SW2-319-320-Pano.jpg
  • The photographer admires West & East Mittens and Merrick Butte at sunrise in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. The Western movie director John Ford set several popular films here.
    1804SW2-305.jpg
  • West & East Mittens and Merrick Butte at sunrise in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. The Western movie director John Ford set several popular films here. This image was stitched from multiple overlapping photos.
    1804SW2-294-295-Pano.jpg
  • West & East Mittens at dusk seen from the tent campground Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA.
    1804SW2-243.jpg
  • West and East Mitten Buttes and Merrick Butte at sunset in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. The Western movie director John Ford set several popular films here.
    1804SW2-212.jpg
  • West Mitten at sunset in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA.
    1804SW2-173.jpg
  • West and East Mitten Buttes and Merrick Butte at sunset in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. The Western movie director John Ford set several popular films here. This image was stitched from multiple overlapping photos.
    1804SW2-168-169-Pano.jpg
  • West and East Mitten Buttes and Merrick Butte at sunset in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. The Western movie director John Ford set several popular films here. This image was stitched from multiple overlapping photos.
    1804SW2-145-147-Pano.jpg
  • East Mitten at sunset in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA.
    1804SW-1185.jpg
  • West and East Mitten Buttes and Merrick Butte punctuate the horizon beyond a balanced rock in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. The Western movie director John Ford set several popular films here. This image was stitched from multiple overlapping photos.
    1804SW2-044-46-Pano.jpg
  • West and East Mitten Buttes and Merrick Butte punctuate the horizon beyond a balanced rock in Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, Arizona, USA. The Western movie director John Ford set several popular films here. This image was stitched from multiple overlapping photos.
    1804SW2-037-42-Pano.jpg
  • A Buff-tailed Coronet (Boissonneaua flavescens) hummingbird lives in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, in the "Mindo Area of International Importance for Birds," Tandayapa Valley, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. This species is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela.
    09ECU-1659_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • The granite monolith of El Capitan reflects in Merced River at Valley View. El Capitan rises 3000 feet (900 m) above Yosemite Valley floor to 7569 feet elevation in Yosemite National Park, California, USA. Rock climbers flock from around the world test themselves on the huge granitic face. Designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1984, Yosemite is internationally recognized for its spectacular granite cliffs, waterfalls, clear streams, Giant Sequoia groves, and biological diversity. 100 million years ago, El Capitan and the entire Sierra Nevada crystallized into granite from magma 5 miles underground. The range started uplifting 4 million years ago, and glaciers eroded the landscape seen today in Yosemite. Panorama stitched from 6 overlapping photos.
    1111CAL-109-114pan_Yosemite-Valley.jpg
  • The granite monolith of El Capitan reflects in Merced River at Valley View. El Capitan rises 3000 feet (900 m) above Yosemite Valley floor to 7569 feet elevation in Yosemite National Park, California, USA. Rock climbers flock from around the world test themselves on the huge granitic face. Designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1984, Yosemite is internationally recognized for its spectacular granite cliffs, waterfalls, clear streams, Giant Sequoia groves, and biological diversity. 100 million years ago, El Capitan and the entire Sierra Nevada crystallized into granite from magma 5 miles underground. The range started uplifting 4 million years ago, and glaciers eroded the landscape seen today in Yosemite. Panorama stitched from 4 overlapping photos.
    1111CAL-606-609pan_Yosemite-Valley.jpg
  • Tom Dempsey photographed this male White-necked Jacobin (Florisuga mellivora; or Great Jacobin; or Collared Hummingbird) hummingbird at the lower elevations (about 1400 meters) of Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, in the "Mindo Area of International Importance for Birds," Tandayapa Valley, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. This large and attractive hummingbird ranges from Mexico south to Peru, Bolivia and south Brazil. The approximately 12 cm long male White-necked Jacobin is unmistakable with its white belly and tail, a white band on the nape and a dark blue hood. Immature males have less white in the tail and a conspicuous rufous patch in the malar region. Females are highly variable, and may resemble adult or immature males, have green upperparts, white belly, white-scaled green or blue throat, and white-scaled dark blue crissum, or have intermediate plumages, though retain the white-scaled dark blue crissum. Females are potentially confusing, but the pattern on the crissum is distinctive and not shared by superficially similar species. These birds usually visit flowers of tall trees and epiphytes for nectar, and also hawk for insects. Published in "Light Travel: Photography on the Go" book by Tom Dempsey 2009, 2010.
    09ECU-2177_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • Tom Dempsey photographed this Andean emerald (Amazilia franciae) hummingbird in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, in the "Mindo Area of International Importance for Birds," Tandayapa Valley, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-2140_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • Tom Dempsey photographed this fawn-breasted brilliant (Heliodoxa rubinoides) hummingbird in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, in the "Mindo Area of International Importance for Birds," Tandayapa Valley, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-2046_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • The Booted Racket-tail (or Racquet-tail; or Racquet-tailed Hummingbird; Latin name Ocreatus underwoodii) in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, in the "Mindo Area of International Importance for Birds," Tandayapa Valley, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. Published in "Light Travel: Photography on the Go" book by Tom Dempsey 2009, 2010.
    09ECU-1726_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • A hummingbird sucks sugar water from feeders at the lower elevations (about 1400 meters) of Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, in the "Mindo Area of International Importance for Birds," Tandayapa Valley, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-2136_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • The Booted Racket-tail (or Racquet-tail; or Racquet-tailed Hummingbird; Latin name Ocreatus underwoodii) in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, in the "Mindo Area of International Importance for Birds," Tandayapa Valley, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-2063_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • A moth with blue wings and orange head contrasts with red and orange window drapes at Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, Tandayapa Valley, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. Published in "Light Travel: Photography on the Go" book by Tom Dempsey 2009, 2010.
    09ECU-1840_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • A moth (order Lepidoptera) is attracted to night lights at Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, Tandayapa Valley, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. Published in "Light Travel: Photography on the Go" book by Tom Dempsey 2009, 2010.
    09ECU-1803_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • Tom Dempsey photographed this Violet-tailed Sylph (Aglaiocercus coelestis) hummingbird in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, in the "Mindo Area of International Importance for Birds," Tandayapa Valley, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. This species is found in Colombia and Ecuador. Males average around 7 inches (18 cm), while females average around 3.8 inches (9.7 cm). The Sylph lives in areas from 300-2100 meters in elevation, though typically above 900 meters.
    09ECU-1691_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • A mountain goat rests at Hidden Lake by Bearhat Mountain in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA. The mountain goat (Oreamnos americanus, or Rocky Mountain Goat) is a large-hoofed mammal found only in North America. It is an even-toed ungulate in the family Bovidae, in subfamily Caprinae (goat-antelopes), in the Oreamnos genus, but is NOT a true "goat" (or Capra genus). Since 1932, Canada and USA have shared Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park, which UNESCO declared a World Heritage Site (1995) containing two Biosphere Reserves (1976). Rocks in the park are primarily sedimentary layers deposited in shallow seas over 1.6 billion to 800 million years ago. During the tectonic formation of the Rocky Mountains 170 million years ago, the Lewis Overthrust displaced these old rocks over newer Cretaceous age rocks. Glaciers carved spectacular U-shaped valleys and pyramidal peaks as recently as the Last Glacial Maximum (the last "Ice Age" 25,000 to 13,000 years ago). Of the 150 glaciers existing in the mid 1800s, only 25 active glaciers remain in the park as of 2010, and all may disappear as soon as 2020, say climate scientists.
    02GLA-06-26_Mountain-goat_Hidden-Lak...jpg
  • Favorite parks, tracks (trails), and sights are labelled on this small relief map of South Island, New Zealand. In 1990, UNESCO honored Te Wahipounamu – South West New Zealand as a World Heritage Area.
    NEW-ZEALAND-South-Island-map.jpg
  • Fawn-breasted brilliant (Heliodoxa rubinoides) hummingbird. Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-2188_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • Heliconia, also popularly known as lobster-claw, wild plantain or false bird-of-paradise, is a beautiful flower with multi-color bracts and varied flower structure. The leaves resemble those of a banana plant. Heliconias are native to the tropical Americas and the Pacific Ocean islands west to Indonesia. Heliconia, formerly included in the family Musaceae, is now the only genus under Heliconiaceae. Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-2093_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • An orange flower blooms from pink foliage in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-2081_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • Trees reach into the mist of Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-2070_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • Tom Dempsey photographed this Buff-tailed Coronet (Boissonneaua flavescens) hummingbird in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. This species is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela.
    09ECU-2050_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • Tom Dempsey photographed this Collared Inca (Coeligena torquata) hummingbird in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. This species is found in humid Andean forests from western Venezuela, through Colombia and Ecuador, to Peru.
    09ECU-2047_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • Tom Dempsey photographed this Gorgeted Sunangel (Heliangelus strophianus) hummingbird in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. This species is found in Colombia and Ecuador, and shares several characters with H. clarisse and H. amethysticollis, and may belong to same superspecies.
    09ECU-2035_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • A moth (order Lepidoptera) is attracted to night lights at Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-1839_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • A 6 inch young leaf unfurls into a giant 3 foot diameter leaf in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-1758_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • A red flower blooms in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-1746_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • Tom Dempsey photographed this Buff-tailed Coronet (Boissonneaua flavescens) hummingbird in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. This species is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela.
    09ECU-1728_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • Tom Dempsey photographed this Buff-tailed Coronet (Boissonneaua flavescens) hummingbird in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. This species is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela.
    09ECU-1701_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • A mountain goat surveys Hidden Lake in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA. The mountain goat (Oreamnos americanus, or Rocky Mountain Goat) is a large-hoofed mammal found only in North America. It is an even-toed ungulate in the family Bovidae, in subfamily Caprinae (goat-antelopes), in the Oreamnos genus, but is NOT a true "goat" (or Capra genus). Since 1932, Canada and USA have shared Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park, which UNESCO declared a World Heritage Site (1995) containing two Biosphere Reserves (1976). Rocks in the park are primarily sedimentary layers deposited in shallow seas over 1.6 billion to 800 million years ago. During the tectonic formation of the Rocky Mountains 170 million years ago, the Lewis Overthrust displaced these old rocks over newer Cretaceous age rocks.
    02GLA-05-03_Mountain-goat_Hidden-Lak...jpg
  • On the Havasupai Indian Reservation, Havasu Falls, Creek, and Canyon flow into Grand Canyon, Arizona, USA. Published in "Light Travel: Photography on the Go" book by Tom Dempsey 2009, 2010.
    99AZ-07-33-Havasu-Falls-MASTER.jpg
  • This bird is probably a Thick-billed Euphonia (Euphonia laniirostris), a species in the family Fringillidae (formerly placed in the Thraupidae family). Euphonia laniirostris is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, and heavily degraded former forest. The bird was photographed in the lower elevations (about 1400 meters) of Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. It has a bright yellow belly, yellow crown, and blue-black upper feathers and tail. It stands on a ripe banana and fills its beak to satisfaction.
    09ECU-2202_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • Brown hummingbird with white markings, at the lower elevations (about 1400 meters) of Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-2199_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • Tom Dempsey photographed this male White-necked Jacobin (Florisuga mellivora; or Great Jacobin; or Collared Hummingbird) hummingbird at the lower elevations (about 1400 meters) of Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. This large and attractive hummingbird ranges from Mexico south to Peru, Bolivia and south Brazil. The approximately 12 cm long male White-necked Jacobin is unmistakable with its white belly and tail, a white band on the nape and a dark blue hood. Immature males have less white in the tail and a conspicuous rufous patch in the malar region. Females are highly variable, and may resemble adult or immature males, have green upperparts, white belly, white-scaled green or blue throat, and white-scaled dark blue crissum, or have intermediate plumages, though retain the white-scaled dark blue crissum. Females are potentially confusing, but the pattern on the crissum is distinctive and not shared by superficially similar species. These birds usually visit flowers of tall trees and epiphytes for nectar, and also hawk for insects. Published in "Light Travel: Photography on the Go" book by Tom Dempsey 2009, 2010.
    09ECU-2194_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • A Rufous-tailed Hummingbird (Amazilia tzacatl) feeds at the lower elevations (about 1400 meters) of Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. The Rufous-tailed Hummingbird is a medium-sized hummingbird which breeds from east-central Mexico, through Central America and Colombia, east to western Venezuela and south through western Ecuador to near the border with Peru. This is a common to abundant bird of open country, river banks, woodland, scrub, forest edge, coffee plantations and gardens up to 1850 m (6000 ft). The adult throat is green (edged whitish in the female), the crown, back and flanks are green tinged golden, the belly is pale greyish, the vent and rump are rufous and the slightly forked tail is rufous with a dusky tip. The almost straight bill is red with a black tip; broadest on the upper mandible, which may appear all black. Immatures are virtually identical to the female. The female Rufous-tailed Hummingbird is entirely responsible for nest building and incubation. She lays two white eggs in a compact cup nest constructed from plant-fibre and dead leaves 1-6 m high on a thin horizontal twig. Incubation takes 15-19 days, and fledging another 20-26. The food of this species is nectar, taken from a variety of flowers, including Heliconias and bananas. Like other hummingbirds it also takes small insects as an essential source of protein. Rufous-tailed Hummingbirds are very aggressive, and defend flowers and scrubs in their feeding territories. They are dominant over most other hummingbirds.
    09ECU-2190_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • Tom Dempsey photographed this Andean Emerald (Amazilia franciae) hummingbird at the lower elevations (about 1400 meters) of Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. The Andean Emerald is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
    09ECU-2172_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • A male Green-crowned Brilliant hummingbird (Heliodoxa jacula) feeds at the lower elevations (about 1400 meters) of Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. It is a large robust hummingbird in the highlands from Costa Rica to western Ecuador. The male Green-crowned Brilliant is 13 cm long and weighs 9.5 g. It is mainly bronze-green with a glittering green crown, forehead, throat and breast. It has a white spot behind the eye, a small violet throat patch, white thighs, and a deeply forked blue-black tail. The female is 12 cm long and weighs 8 g. She differs from the male in that she has green-spotted white underparts, a white spot behind the eye and a white stripe below the eye, and a white-cornered shallowly-forked black tail.. Young birds resemble the adult of the same sex, but are duller, bronze-tinged below and have buff throats.  This hummingbird feeds at the large inflorescences of Marcgravia vines, and at Heliconia and other large flowers. Unlike many hummingbirds, the Green-crowned Brilliant almost always perches to feed.
    09ECU-2156_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • Large broad leaves grow in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-2113_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • A large leaf decays in a fractal pattern in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-2110_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • A red trumpet shaped flower blooms in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-2103_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • In Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America, our guide called this white flower with red and yellow center a "Naza," which is possibly in the Urticaceae family (nettles).
    09ECU-2097_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • The “wax flower” is a member of Ericaceae, the Heath Family. Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-2096_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • White fungi radiates from a tree trunk in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-2079_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • The Booted Racket-tail (or Racquet-tail; or Racquet-tailed Hummingbird; Latin name Ocreatus underwoodii) in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-2058_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • Tom Dempsey photographed this Buff-tailed Coronet (Boissonneaua flavescens) hummingbird in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. This species is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela.
    09ECU-2055_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • Tom Dempsey photographed this Violet-tailed Sylph (Aglaiocercus coelestis) hummingbird in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. This species is found in Colombia and Ecuador. Males average around 7 inches (18 cm), while females average around 3.8 inches (9.7 cm). The Sylph lives in areas from 300-2100 meters in elevation, though typically above 900 meters.
    09ECU-2045_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • green plant in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-2037_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • Tom Dempsey photographed this Collared Inca (Coeligena torquata) hummingbird in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. This species is found in humid Andean forests from western Venezuela, through Colombia and Ecuador, to Peru.
    09ECU-2031_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • Tom Dempsey photographed this Buff-tailed Coronet (Boissonneaua flavescens) hummingbird in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. This species is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela.
    09ECU-2026_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • Tom Dempsey photographed this Buff-tailed Coronet (Boissonneaua flavescens) hummingbird in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. This species is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela.
    09ECU-2024_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • Hummingbirds gather at a feeder at Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-2023_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • A tall mountain rises above Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America.
    09ECU-2019_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • A rhinoceros beetle is attracted by night lights in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. The rhinoceros beetles or rhino beetle are a subfamily (Dynastinae) of beetles in the family of scarab beetles (Scarabaeidae). Among the largest of beetles, their common name refers to the characteristic horns borne by the males of most species in the group. The males use their horns in mating battles against other males. Their larval stage is long, several years in some species. The larvae feed on rotten wood while the adults feed on nectar, plant sap and fruit. Rhinoceros beetle larvae are sometimes fried and eaten as a bush delicacy. Rhinoceros beetles are popular pets in Asia. They are clean, easy to maintain, and safe to handle. In Asian countries, male beetles are also used for gambling fights since they naturally compete for female beetles with the winner knocking the other off a log. Rhinoceros beetles are also the strongest animals on the planet in relation to their own size. They can lift up to 850 times their own weight.
    09ECU-1842_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
  • A sphinx moth (or hawk moth, Sphingidae family, order Lepidoptera) is attracted to night lights in Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve, near Quito, Ecuador, South America. Sphingidae is best represented in the tropics but species inhabit every region. Sphingidae are moderate to large in size and are distinguished among moths for their rapid, sustained flying ability, assisted by narrow wings and streamlined abdomen. Some hawk moths, like the hummingbird hawk moth, hover in midair while they feed on nectar from flowers and are sometimes mistaken for hummingbirds. This hovering capability has evolved only three times in nectar feeders: in hummingbirds, certain bats, and these sphingids. Sphingids can swing hover (move rapidly from side to side while hovering). Some of the sphingids are some of the fastest flying insects, capable of flying at over 50 km/h (30 miles per hour). They have a wingspan of 35-150 mm.
    09ECU-1815_Bellavista-Ecuador.jpg
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